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ISB Surveillance conducts authorized physical, technical, communications, and data surveillance in support of defined internal-security objectives. It is the Bureau's largest collection branch but not an independent authority to investigate every citizen.
Requests identify the target, threat, method, duration, and approving authority. Collection unrelated to the authorized purpose is minimized, segregated, or deleted according to policy. Particularly intrusive measures require judicial or senior executive authorization as provided by law.
Raw collection is evaluated for reliability and context before dissemination. Reports distinguish direct observation from inference. Access is limited to personnel with an operational need, and information supplied to other agencies retains its handling restrictions.
Surveillance supports cases; it does not arrest, prosecute, or punish. Political disagreement alone is not a security predicate. Audits and periodic reauthorization prevent temporary coverage from becoming permanent observation without cause.